Título

RETINAL AVASCULAR FOVEAL ZONE EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

Introdução

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a systemic inflammatory disease classified as Crohn Disease (CD) or Ulcerative Colitis (UC), according to the portion of gastrointestinal tract commitment. It could present extra intestinal findings, such as fever, weight loss, arthralgia, mucocutaneous lesions, hepatic, renal and ophthalmological involvement.
Nowadays, clinical parameters and colonoscopy establish criteria to controlled or non-controlled disease, defining treatment.
Our study objective was to compare Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis between in remission and active diseases.

Métodos

We blindly evaluated 72 patients with IBD trough complete ophthalmological exam and posterior segment exams. Color fundus retinography, OCT and OCT Angiography was performed with Topcon Triton (Topcon®, Tokyo, Japan). Macula and posterior pole were evaluated with binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and Fundus Biomicroscopy. Avascular foveal zone was determined with manual delimitation of superficial retinal image at Angio OCT exam with image6.net software

Resultados

Participants mean age was 42.26 years (18-68), 28 male patients (38.88%) and 44 female patients (61.11%).
37 with diagnosis of Crohn Disease (51,38%) and 35 patients with diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis (48,61%).
We didn’t found statistically difference between avascular foveal zone comparison between CD and RCU groups (p 0.91 for right eye and p 0.76 for left eye), but statistically difference comparing FAZ between remission and active group, in right and left eye (p 0.01 in right eye and p 0.02 in left eye).

Conclusões

Our study is the first to evaluate foveal avascular zone parameter in patients with IBD through OCT angiography performed with Triton.
We didn’t found difference in FAZ size between inflammatory bowel diseases (CD and RCU) parameters in both eyes.
Patients with clinical and colonoscopy classification of active disease presented decreased avascular foveal zone comparing to patients with remission of disease.
Avascular foveal zone evaluation presents as an ophthalmological parameters that is obtained non-invasively and is increased in ischemic diseases such as diabetic retinopathy.
It can help to determine whether the patient is in remission or activity of IBD disease and even spare invasive exams in disease follow up.

Palavras Chave

Retina, Inflammatory Bowel disease, OCT, Foveal Avascular Zone

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