Title

TYPE 1 IDIOPATHIC JUSTAFOVEOLAR TELANGIECTASIA IN A FEMALE PACIENT

Introduction

Macular telangiectasia, is a rare ocular disease that can lead to blindness. Usually unilateral and male. This disease is characterized by abnormal retinal vascular dilatation and vessel dysfunction. Visual loss is mainly caused by macular edema and exudation. Based on clinical findings, ICG, OCT, and demographics, Yanuzzi et al. proposed a classification into type I - telangiectasia Coats aneurismal type, and type II - perifoveais telangiectasias.

Methods

Case report of a 57 year, female patient and literatura review.

Results

M. I. B. S. C., 57 years, female, complaining of progressive low visual acuity in her right eye 10 months ago, denying trauma, pain and other symptoms. No pathological history. She had cataract surgery in both eyes for thirteen years. On examination, she presented visual acuity of the forefinger fingers in the right eye and 20/20 with correction in the left eye. At biomicroscopy of both eyes without changes, in both eyes, and the fundoscopy of Right Eye: Normal optical disc, presence of diffuse exudate, with intraretinal hemorrhage mainly in the superior temporal arcade, areas of neovascularization ans 360 applied retina. Left Eye was without changes. After clinical evaluation, the syndromic diagnosis of Macular Telangiectasia type 1 was reached. Laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injection in the right eye were thus indicated.

Discussion

Type 1 idiopathic justafoveolar telangiectasia, considered a variant of Coats' disease, is located in the perifoveal region, and the decrease in visual acuity is due to macular edema. The accumulation of fluid in the layers of the retina is due to transudation from the wall of incompetent vessels. The evolution of this disease shows the onset of chronic macular edema with consequent irreversible structural changes in the retina.Options for treating include photocoagulation, intravitreal steroid injections, anti-VEGF , PDT and thermotherapy. The treatment strategy depends on visual acuity, FA, OCT and retinal biomicroscopy

Keywords

macular telangiectasia

Area

CLINICAL CASE

Authors

Tiago Almeida Carvalho, Vinicius Clementino Falcão, Thaisy Ventura Batistel, Thiago Carvalho Figueiredo, Bruno Baldissera Tochetto, Marcio Nogueira Costa, Fernanda Nonato Fedrerice, Luis Felipe Canova Ogliari